CONCEPT PAPER
Maritime Outlook of the Indian Ocean under Changing Dynamics
The 12th edition of the Galle Dialogue: International Maritime Conference, hosted by the Sri Lanka Navy, also continues to serve as a vital platform for global maritime stakeholders to engage in discussions on numerous issues related to security, governance, and sustainability in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The Indian Ocean, being one of the world’s most strategically important maritime domains, faces numerous challenges and opportunities in maintaining regional stability, economic prosperity and environmental sustainability. This year’s conference will focus on five key thematic areas: Marine environment, Maritime governance, Maritime economy, Maritime sustainability, and a Clean Indian Ocean. The discussions will bring together various stakeholders to develop collaborative strategies that ensure a secure and sustainable future for the region.
Oceans are essential for life on Earth, but the Indian Ocean faces growing pressures from climate change, pollution, and habitat destruction. Rising sea temperatures and acidification are harming coastal ecosystems that support biodiversity and local economies. To protect these ecosystems, it is required to strengthen conservation efforts, expand marine protected areas, and enforce stricter pollution controls. Collaboration between nations, research institutions, industries, and regional Navies and Coast Guards is crucial. By enhancing civil-military cooperation and promoting community engagement, can develop sustainable solutions ensuring a balance between marine conservation and economic development for future generations.
Effective maritime governance is essential for maintaining rule rule-based order, safety, and cooperation in the IOR. Strengthening international and regional legal frameworks, law enforcement capabilities through fostering cooperation and collaborations among the various maritime stakeholders in the region are essential steps toward addressing these challenges. Information sharing among maritime nations is also equally important, as it enhances early warning mechanisms and improves collective responses to security threats such as irregular maritime migration. Establishing regional cooperation and enhancing the role of different stakeholders will further contribute to stability and security in the region.
The blue economy, encompassing shipping, fisheries, tourism, and marine biotechnology, offers immense potential for sustainable growth. Investing in port infrastructure, digitalizing maritime logistics, and promoting eco-friendly shipping can boost economic efficiency while minimizing environmental impact. However, careful management is essential to address challenges and ensure fair access to resources. Regional Navies and Coast Guards can play a key role in promoting sustainable practices, supporting the safe and secure development of maritime infrastructures. Effective policies on fisheries management, eco-tourism, and maritime innovation, along with robust maritime security, will unlock the full economic potential of the Indian Ocean’s resources.
The sustainability of the Indian Ocean is crucial for the economic and ecological well- being of the region. With increasing maritime trade, resource exploitation, and climate change impacts, there is a growing demand to implement long-term strategies that promote sustainable practices. A balance must be struck between economic development and environmental preservation to ensure that ocean resources are utilized responsibly. Policies that encourage green shipping, sustainable fisheries, and renewable ocean energy can contribute to long-term maritime stability. Additionally, coastal communities, particularly those living in climate-vulnerable nations, require support from the global commons to adapt to rising sea levels and extreme weather conditions. Strengthening regional frameworks for environmental governance and fostering scientific research and collaborations will help build resilience against future maritime challenges.
A clean and pollution-free Indian Ocean is essential for human wellbeing, biodiversity, and sustainable economic activities. Marine pollution, particularly plastic waste, chemical runoff, and oil spills, has become a growing concern that threatens marine ecosystems and food security. Tackling this issue requires a multi-stakeholder approach, involving governments, industries, and civil communities. Strengthening waste management policies, implementation of international pollution control agreements, and investing in ocean-cleaning technologies are essential steps toward a cleaner ocean. Public awareness and education campaigns can also play a significant role in changing behaviours and reducing marine pollution at its source.
The Galle Dialogue 2025 provides a unique opportunity for maritime experts, policymakers, and industry leaders to collaborate in addressing the most pressing challenges in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). By focusing on maritime sustainability, governance, economy and environment, this conference aims to promote innovative solutions and meaningful regional cooperation. A collective commitment to sustainable Policies and practices will ensure that the Indian Ocean remains secure, resilient, and prosperous for future generations. Through international dialogue and collaborative action such as establishing HADR Regional Task Force, the Galle Dialogue will continue to shape the future of maritime security and sustainability in the region.
